Social media as a tool for radicalising young people: What parents need to know
Once seen as a more covert aspect of the internet, the nature of sharing harmful and radical ideologies is changing through social media. Recent news has sparked concern with far-right symbolism being used openly in politics by those who own social media platforms and in the realm of celebrity, both causing a large volume of online discourse.
With more children being impacted by radicalisation than ever before and at younger ages, it’s crucial for parents to understand the risks, warning signs, and prevention strategies. This article explores at-risk groups, recent trends in radicalisation, and practical ways parents can help protect their children from extremist ideologies.
Who is most at risk of radicalisation?
Radicalisation can affect any young person, but certain factors may make some more vulnerable than others. These include:
Social isolation and loneliness
Young people who feel disconnected from their peers or society may seek belonging in extremist groups that offer a sense of identity and purpose.
Exposure to online extremism
Social media, gaming communities, and encrypted messaging apps are increasingly being used by extremist groups to spread propaganda and recruit young people.
Personal or family grievances
Young people who feel disadvantaged due to political, social, or personal issues may be more susceptible to radical ideals that offer solutions or an outlet for frustration.
Mental health and emotional vulnerability
Depression, anxiety, or past trauma can make young people more susceptible to radicalisation, as extremist groups may offer a false sense of stability or purpose. It is important that those with mental health concerns receive the help they need to address any vulnerabilities.
Peer pressure and group influence
Young people influenced by friends or social groups who already engage with extremist content may be drawn into similar ideologies.
Does Autism make you more susceptible to radicalisation?
There have been links made between Autism and susceptibility to radicalisation in the past, but this remains something that is up for debate. The belief is that some behaviours, such as intense special interests and repetitive routines, associated with Autism may contribute to vulnerability to extremist content. Indications by Jonathan Hall QC, the independent reviewer of terrorism legislation, that a high number of autistic people have been referred to the UK government’s anti-radicalisation Prevent programme may fuel fears for parents and caregivers of young people with Autism.
Studies on the subject are inconclusive or limited and so this is still a link that requires more investigation. If you are the parent or carer of a young person with autism and have concerns about behaviours your child exhibits that may make them vulnerable, it may be worth looking into therapy options to best suit their needs.
Recent trends in radicalisation among UK youth
Rise in online radicalisation
Extremist recruiters use gaming chats, Discord servers, and social media platforms to groom young people, presenting their ideologies in an engaging and relatable way. They exploit social media algorithms to spread propaganda to vulnerable individuals.
Far-right extremism
While religious extremism remains a concern, far-right radicalisation has seen a rise, with groups targeting young people through gaming forums, YouTube, and social media networks.
Incel communities and extreme misogyny
Another rising threat is that of incel (involuntarily celibate) groups and influencers who support openly misogynistic views. The threat of violence presented by incel groups as well as a rise in hate crimes committed where misogyny is a motivator reflect the harm of these attitudes and associated influencers.
Conspiracy theories and misinformation
Many young people are radicalised through exposure to conspiracy theories, which create distrust in authorities and promote extremist views as "hidden truths." This can be seen in the growth of anti-vaxx accounts during and following the Covid-19 pandemic as well as the false information spread that spurred riots in the UK.
How parents can prevent radicalisation
Open communication
Encourage honest discussions about current events, social issues, and personal challenges. A strong parent-child relationship makes young people less likely to seek external validation from extremist groups.
Monitor online activity
While respecting privacy, parents should be aware of the content their children consume online. Setting up parental controls and discussing safe sources of information can help prevent exposure to harmful ideologies.
Encourage critical thinking
Teach young people to question sources of information, verify facts, and recognise biased or manipulative content. This helps them resist extremist narratives and misinformation. Help them to be educated on social issues where possible.
Promote positive social connections
Encouraging participation in community activities, sports, and youth programs helps young people form strong, supportive relationships and reduces the risk of social isolation.
Recognise early warning signs
Signs of radicalisation can include sudden changes in behaviour, withdrawal from family and friends, increased secrecy, and expressing extreme or violent views. If you notice these changes, seek professional support.
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How to talk to your child about the news and distressing events
Clinically reviewed
- Dr Paige Fujiu-Baird